‹ Back

Medications & Nutritional Support: ADHD Treatment Options in South Africa

 

When a child or teen is diagnosed with ADHD, many parents ask: What are our treatment options?

 

The answer includes lifestyle changes, nutritional support and if necessary, proven medications. Together, these approaches can contribute to your child’s overall well-being. This article outlines what’s available in South Africa and what you should know.

 

1. Stimulant Medications

Stimulants remain the most widely used and studied medications for ADHD. They work by increasing levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps improve attention, reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. In South Africa, stimulants most commonly prescribed include:

• Methylphenidate: Ritalin and Concerta

• Amphetamine‐type stimulants: Vyvanse and Amfexa

Clinical guidelines indicate that stimulants have a response rate of approximately 70% in children with ADHD.  As with all medications, they are prescribed and monitored by a specialist and side-effects may include decreased appetite, sleep issues, mood changes or increased heart rate. 

 

2. Non-Stimulant Medications

For children or teens who cannot tolerate stimulants, or for whom stimulants are not appropriate (for example due to anxiety), non-stimulant medications offer an important alternative. In South Africa, an example is:

• Atomoxetine: Strattera / Inir

Non-stimulants tend to have a slower onset of effect, may last longer in the body and may be chosen when stimulants have been ineffective or caused problematic side‐effects. Side-effects of Atomoxetine may include gastric upsets such as nausea and or cramps, dry mouth, decreased appetite, tiredness and sleep disturbances.

 

3. Nutritional & Supplementary Support

While medications are the cornerstone of ADHD treatment, there is growing interest in how nutritional factors and certain supplements may support brain health and symptom management. It’s important to remember that these supplements are best considered as part of a broader support plan, alongside therapy and or coaching.

• Omega-3 / DHA / EPA: Several studies and meta‐analyses have shown that omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) can support attention, focus and overall cognitive function in children with ADHD.

• Other Nutrients: Research indicates that children with ADHD may have differences in nutrient status (for example in fatty acid profiles). Nutrients commonly discussed in ADHD support plans include Iron, Zinc, Magnesium and Vitamin Bs. Ensuring a diet rich in whole foods, low in highly processed sugar and refined carbohydrates is key.

 

In Summary:

A collaborative approach works best - combining medication (if prescribed), behavioural strategies, structured environments, consistent routines and healthy lifestyle factors. ADHD management is not a one-time plan but an ongoing process. Regularly review and adjust strategies as your child grows and their needs change. Stay in close communication with teachers, monitor progress and watch for any side effects or challenges along the way.

 

Important reminder:

This article is for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider (paediatrician, psychiatrist or ADHD-trained specialist) before making decisions about diagnosis or treatment of ADHD.